Various Questions: Joining a Minyan, Connecting Letters on Shabbat, Toddlers Turning on Lights on Shabbat, Wall of a Bathroom, Eating During Prayer, Modesty While Dressing, Eating After Lighting Candles, Sleeping Near Dawn, Rising Before an Elder
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Question
Can I pray in one shtiebel if I see someone in the corridor who sees a congregation praying? What should be done on Shabbat when there are torn pages in a siddur or Gemara, and when flipping through, they connect, etc.? A two-and-a-half-year-old boy and a one-year-and-four-month-old girl, is it permissible to cause them to turn on or off the light on Shabbat? And should it be prevented if they do it themselves? Is there a matter of not saying sacred words against the wall of a bathroom? And against the door? Is it permissible to eat or drink in Pesukei Dezimra or the blessings of Kriyat Shema when blessing beforehand? What are the boundaries of the laws of modesty in dressing? Is it really necessary to be careful that nothing is seen even when alone in the room? Must one change under a blanket? Can a woman eat after lighting Shabbat candles if she needs to eat? I went to bed an hour before dawn and did not fall asleep, and the time close to dawn has already arrived, must I get up and wait to recite Kriyat Shema? And is it permissible to go to sleep in the morning before Shacharit? Must one rise when any elder passes by? And why are people not careful about this in the synagogue, kollel, and celebrations?
Answer
Hello Rabbi
A. Yes. By the rule of "seeing each other." However, it does not have the advantage of praying in a synagogue.
B. One can flip through as usual, as it is not necessary that the words will connect, and it is not his intention.
C. A toddler at an age when he does not understand that the parents want him to turn on the light and that they are pleased with it, can be allowed to turn it on by himself. It is also permissible to let the child play near the switch, and he will decide on his own to turn it on or off.
D. Praying against the wall of a bathroom, the Shulchan Aruch permits, but many poskim prohibit, and according to them it is not a 'matter,' but a 'law' that forbids . However in modern bathrooms, it is permitted. Also against the door of the bathroom.
E. One must be careful not to expose oneself more than necessary, and in the usual place for dressing, such as a bathroom or shower, it is permitted. However, even there, one should not expose more than needed.
F. It is forbidden to eat after she has accepted Shabbat, as she is obligated in Kiddush, and it is forbidden to eat before Kiddush. A pregnant or nursing woman who feels she needs to eat due to weakness may be lenient and eat before Kiddush.
Source
A. Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim, Siman 55.
B. Responsa of the Rema, Siman 119.
C. Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim, Siman 338, סעיף 1.
D. Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim, Siman 83, סעיף 1, Mishnah Berurah there, סעיף קטן 5.
E. Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim, Siman 2, סעיף 1, Mishnah Berurah, סעיף קטן 1.
F. Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim, Siman 271, סעיף 4, Mishnah Berurah, סעיף קטן 11.