Blessing on Tallit

The Mishna Berurah (Orach Chaim 14:11, attached) says that one may recite a beracha on a tallit gadol that belongs to the community (tallit of the kahal).

My questions are:

1. If someone does not wear a tallit gadol, he recites the beracha "al mitzvat tzitzit" on his tallit katan. But if someone does wear a tallit gadol, he does not make "al mitzvat tzitzit" on the tallit katan and is yotzei with the beracha "lehit'atef batzitzit" on the tallit gadol.

If a person regularly uses a yeshiva’s tallit gadol (for duchaning or for being the shaliach tzibbur) and makes a beracha on that tallit gadol (as the Mishna Berurah allows), should he still recite "al mitzvat tzitzit" on his own tallit katan, or does the beracha on the yeshiva’s tallit gadol exempt the tallit katan?

2. Would it make a difference if he lives outside Eretz Yisrael, where duchaning is not done every day (Ashkenazim) or in Eretz Yisrael full time?

3. How is "kahal" defined in this halacha? Does it include a yeshiva, a private yeshiva, a synagogue, etc.?

Shalom! 

Thank you for your question!

1. Correct. This is the widespread custom of married men. However,  one who does not regularly wear a Tallit Gadol recited a blessing on his Tallit KAtan every morning. In the event that such a person will later wear a Tallit Gadol (i.e. asked to lead the prayers) he will then recite "l'hitatef...." on the Tallit Gadol.

Even a bachur who recites a bracha on the tallis gadol of the shul while he is wearing his tallis katan is exempt from reciting an additional bracha on his tallis katan.

It is important to note that the shiur of a tallis katan, lechatchilah, in order to be able to recite a bracha on it, is 120 cm in length by 60 cm in width, including the neck hole. 

2. No difference why a person might wear a Tallit Gadol (i.e. duchan, aliyah, chazzan etc) he may recite the blessing on the Tallit Gadol when he puts it on.

3. Any public prayer gathering and where it is otherwise clear that all attendees are allowed to make use of all emnities (i.e. siddur, chumash, tallit etc)

For more on this see: Mishna Berura 14:11 and Aruch Hashulchan OC 91:2.

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