Missed Friday Night Kiddush

If a soldier, doctor or other security personnel were occupied (gaurding, fighting, protecting etc.) all friday night from before shabbat until early shabbat morning and didnt have chance to make kiddush, what kiddush should he make on shabbat morning? The usual daytime kiddush or the ftiday night kiddush?

Shalom!

Thank you for your question!

Let us begin by mentioning that the requirement to recite Kiddush Friday night is biblical while the requirement to recite Kiddush Shabbat day is a rabbinical enactment. For this reason, the daytime Kiddush is referred to as “Kidusha Raba” (“The Great Kiddush”), which is a type of euphemism do it does not feel “embarrassed” because the Friday night Kiddush that is the important one.

In the event that one, for whatever reasons, was unable to recite Kiddush Friday night must do so in the morning. The mitzva has not been totally lost. After reciting Shacharit, the morning prayers, one is it recite the Friday night Kiddush but one omits the opening paragraphs of “Vayechulu.” This is because the Vayechulu passage is specifically connected to Friday night. Hence, one begins with “borei pri hagafen…” and the one says the “Mekadesh Hashabbat” paragraph as is done Friday night.

These rules apply to both men and women and they apply whether the Friday night Kiddush was accidentally misses or even intentionally missed. The “make up” of a missed Friday night Kiddush is so important that one is to do so as soon as one remembers, up until sunset on Shabbat afternoon.

After reciting the makeup Kiddush, one is to have the Shabbat meal or at least eat a snack that satisfies the requirement to eat after Kiddush (known as “Kiddush B’makom Seuda”), namely, some bread, cake/mezonot, or if need be, an extra portion of wine.

Pesachim 105; OC 271:8; MB 289:3.