Is It Permitted to Gather Kapplah Pieces on Shabbos
Question
My children were playing with Kapplah on Shabbos and when I wanted to gather it all up someone told me its forbidden since its like gathering wood which we find in the torah with Tselfchod, who gathered wood on Shabbos, and the Torah writes that he was punished for it by death since it was one of the melachot of Shabbos. So does that apply to the Kapplah game as well?
Answer
The answer:
It is permitted to gather it up and put it away on Shabbos, and there is no issue concerning the melacha of me’amer.
The answer explained in depth:
שולחן ערוך אורח חיים הלכות שבת סימן שמ סעיף ט
אסור לקבץ מלח ממשרפות המלח, שדומה למעמר, וכן אסור לקבץ כל דבר ממקום גידולו.
Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim, Hilchot Shabbat, Siman 340, Se’if 9:
It is forbidden to gather salt from salt pits, because it resembles the melacha of me’amer (gathering produce).
Similarly, it is forbidden to collect any item from its place of growth.
משנה ברורה על שולחן ערוך אורח חיים הלכות שבת סימן שמ סעיף ט
(לז) כל דבר - היינו פירות וירקות ועצים ועשבים וכל דבר הגדל מן הקרקע ובזה חיובא נמי איכא כשמקבצן במקום גידולן דזהו מלאכת מעמר גופא והאי דנקט המחבר בלשון אסור להורות לנו דשלא במקום גידולן כגון שנתפזרו פירות בבית אפילו איסורא נמי ליכא כשמקבצן יחד וע"ל סימן של"ה ס"ה. ושומרי גנות ופרדסים צריכין ליזהר מאד בזה אפי' בפירות שנשרו מבעוד יום שלא לאספן בשבת אפילו מעט כי יש בזה חיוב חטאת דשיעור עימור הוא שיעור קטן מאד וכמו שכתב הרמב"ם המעמר אוכלין אם לאכילה שיעורו כגרוגרת ואם לבהמה שיעורו כמלא פי הגדי ואם להסקה שיעורו כדי לבשל ביצה ע"ש:
Mishnah Berurah on Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim, Hilchot Shabbat, Siman 340, Se’if 9
(Seif 37) “Any item” — this refers to fruits, vegetables, wood, grass, and anything that grows from the ground. In these cases, there is an actual Torah-level prohibition (chiyuv) when one gathers them from their place of growth — because that’s exactly what the melacha of me’amer (gathering) is.
The reason the Mechaber (Shulchan Aruch) wrote simply “Assur” (instead of the word Chayav) is to teach us that if the items are not in their place of growth — like when fruits are scattered inside a house — then there’s not even a prohibition at all in gathering them together. (See Siman 335 Se’if 5.)
Therefore, based on the Mishnah Berurah above, since the Kapplah is being collected not in the place where the wood actually grew, it is therefore permitted to collect.
We can also find another reason why it should be permitted, based on a chiddush regarding the melacha of me’amer by the Eliyahu Rabba:
אליה רבה סימן שלה
(ה) ולא יתן וכו'. ובשמחת תורה שנוהגין לפזר פירות והבנים מלקטים ונותנים לסלים ולקופות, דכיון שמשום שמחה עושין לא הקפידו (מלבושי יום טוב סק"א)
Eliyah Rabbah, Siman 335:5
Regarding the halacha that one should not gather produce on Shabbos:
On Simchas Torah, when it is the custom to scatter fruits and the children gather them and place them into baskets and containers — since this is done as part of the joy of the Yom Tov, the rabbis were not strict about it.
Same too, we can say that since the Kapplah is used as a game for children, it is done in a way of simchah, and therefore not prohibited as being a melacha of me’amer.
HaGaon HaRav Fried shlit”a says that the Poskim write that me’amer applies only if the fruit or wood is in its original form. If, however, they have been changed from their original form, then there is no prohibition. Therefore, since the Kapplah or wood cubes have been changed from their original form, it is permitted.
However, some say that if the pieces were spread over a large area, then there might be an issue concerning uvdin dechol. Others argue and say it is permitted.
Lehalacha, HaGaon HaRav Fried shlit”a says that one can rely on the opinion that is lenient.
Wishing you much success.
Source
Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim 340:9
Mishnah Berurah 340:37
Eliyah Rabbah 335:5
HaGaon Harav Fried Shelittah - Shimusheh Ve'Limuda
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