Words of Torah in a House with a Deceased
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Question
Is it permissible to speak words of Torah in the presence of the deceased? What is the ruling outside the four cubits? What is the ruling in a house where there is a deceased?
Answer
It is forbidden to speak words of Torah in the presence of the deceased, unless they are the words of the deceased or in his honor. It is also permitted outside the four cubits, and the entire house is considered as four cubits, thus it is forbidden in a house where there is a deceased.
Source
Talmud, Tractate Berachot, page 3b: "Rabbi Zerika said in the name of Rabbi Ami, who said in the name of Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi: One should not speak in the presence of the deceased except for his words. Rabbi Abba bar Kahana said: This applies only to words of Torah, but mundane matters are not of concern. And there are those who say, Rabbi Abba bar Kahana said: This applies only [even] to words of Torah, and all the more so to mundane matters."
The Rambam writes that outside the four cubits it is permitted to speak words of Torah even if they are not the words of the deceased, and Mordechai in Moed Katan, sign 998, writes that the entire house is considered as four cubits. However, the Beit Yosef brings the words of the Rosh who wrote that this is permitted only outside the four cubits, and this is the opinion that Leket and Levush disagree on mundane matters outside the four cubits, and in this case, words of Torah are forbidden for all.
The Shach there, sign 11, ruled according to the Rosh that mundane matters are permitted only outside the four cubits and not within the four cubits. And words of Torah are forbidden even outside the four cubits, and see the commentary of the Gra, sign 15, who wrote to correct the words of the Rosh that speak within the four cubits. And he brought proof from the Jerusalem Talmud. Therefore, it is permitted to speak words of Torah outside the four cubits. And the custom is according to the Gra.
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