Haircut during the year of mourning for a father due to respect for the mother
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Question
During the year of mourning for his father, his mother is very disturbed that he is not properly groomed. Is it permissible to be lenient with haircuts during the year?
Answer
During the first thirty days, he should not get a haircut. After thirty days, if his mother rebukes him, he is allowed to get a haircut. After the first haircut, he does not need to wait for another rebuke and can be lenient with haircuts.
Source
As written in the Shulchan Aruch, Siman 389, Seif 4: "For all the deceased, one may cut hair after thirty days; for his father and mother, until his friends rebuke him." The Rema writes: "There is a dispute regarding the measure of rebuke, and the custom is three months (according to the opinion of the Mahari in his rulings, Agudah, Maharil, and Ran). In these places, the custom is not to cut hair for father and mother for the entire twelve months (Maharil, custom of some places), unless necessary, such as if his hair becomes heavy, or if he walks among idolaters and appears unkempt due to his hair, then it is permitted to cut (so answered the AZ)."
Therefore, within the thirty days, he should not cut his hair, as it is an obligation, as explained in the Shulchan Aruch, Siman 240, Seif 15: "If his father told him to transgress the words of the Torah, whether a positive commandment or a negative commandment, and even a rabbinic commandment, he should not listen to him."
After thirty days, his mother's rebuke is considered a rebuke, and he may cut his hair.
After this rebuke during the year, he does not need to wait for another rebuke, as there is no inherent prohibition to cut hair during the year, and it is only customary due to honoring the father, but in the case of honoring the mother, the custom can be set aside, relying on those who are lenient. As explained in the Pitchei Teshuva, Siman 240, Seif Katan 14.
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