Summary on Penalty for Late Payment

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Question

Is it permissible to agree that a delay in payment will incur a financial penalty?

Answer

It is forbidden for a lender to stipulate with the borrower that if he does not repay the loan on time, he will pay a predetermined one-time penalty. However, in a debt arising from a sale or rental, if it is agreed in advance that a fixed penalty will be paid for late payment, it is permissible. It is permissible to agree on a one-time penalty in a sale transaction, such as when the seller stipulates with the buyer that if he does not pay at the agreed time, he will pay a one-time penalty.

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