Why is there no second day of Yom Tov for Yom Kippur in the Diaspora
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Question
How is Yom Kippur different from other festivals, where in all festivals in the Diaspora two days of Yom Tov are observed, but Yom Kippur is observed only one day?
Answer
On Yom Kippur, the sages did not institute two days of Yom Tov because there is a concern that it could lead to danger, and it is a decree that most of the community cannot withstand.
Source
(Sheilot de-Rav Aḥai Mo, Meiri R"H 21a, and Ritva R"H 18a). However, throughout the generations, there were those who were stringent upon themselves to fast for two days, and the Rema (Orach Chaim 624:5) wrote that one should not follow this stringency because there is a concern it could lead to danger. The Mishnah Berurah explains that in truth, according to the law, there is no concern because today we are knowledgeable about the fixed dates of the festivals, and the second day of Yom Tov is observed only due to the custom of our ancestors, and on Yom Kippur our ancestors did not fast, so why should we do so.
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