Responding to Kedusha from Another Room
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Question
Hello, A person who has finished the Shacharit prayer and hears Kedusha from a separate hall where the Chazarat HaShatz is taking place, does he need to stand and respond to Kedusha? If he sees other people with him who are not praying standing and responding, should he join to not appear unusual?
Answer
Hello
If a person is in the middle of prayer or study, he is not obligated to respond when the prayer is in another room.
However, if he is not in the middle of prayer or study, he should respond.
Source
The Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim, Siman 55, Se'if 20, states that one who is not with the congregation 'may respond'. And the poskim are divided on whether this is merely 'may' or if he is 'obligated'.
According to the instructions of the Gaon, Rabbi, shlita, if he is in the same room, he is obligated to respond. If he is not in the same room, he is not obligated.