Understanding the transgression of 'Lo Tachrosh' | Shaatnez | Ask the Rabbi - SHEILOT.COM

Understanding the transgression of 'Lo Tachrosh'

Question

What is the Mitzvah of Deuteronomy 22:10? Do not plow an ox and a donkey together. Is there a specific name for this mitzvah? What is the reason behind it?

Answer

Thank you for your question.

It is written in the Torah as follows;

דברים פרק כב פסוק י

לֹא תַחֲרֹשׁ בְּשׁוֹר וּבַחֲמֹר יַחְדָּו: 

So it is generally referred to as the issur of lo tachrosh (do not plow).

However, it is important to note that this transgression is part of a broader issur called kilayim, forbidden mixtures. It is brought in Masechet Kilayim that there are five types of kilayim. 

  1. Kil’ei zera’im. Mixing different types of seeds when planting a field.
  2. Kil’ei ilanot. Grafting different types of trees.
  3. Kil’ei kerem. Planting wheat etc. in a vineyard.
  4. Kil’ei begadim, known as shaatnez. Mixing wool and linen in a garment.
  5. Kil’ei be’hemah. Crossbreeding different species of animals or working with two different animals.

As you see, this is really part of the issur of kilayim.

The reason why it is forbidden is explained by the Ramban (ibid) that if one were to plow the field using two different animals, he may come to breed the two animals together, which is also an issur, as explained above. This reason is also brought by the Rambam.

This is a quote from the Ramban;

רמב"ן דברים פרק כב פסוק י

(י) ואמר לא תחרש בשור ובחמר - והוא הדין לכל מיני הכלאים. והיא מצוה מבוארת מן בהמתך לא תרביע כלאים (ויקרא יט יט), שדרך כל עובד אדמתו להביא צמדו ברפת אחת וירכיב אותן: 

The Chinuch adds another reason for this prohibition, since it causes suffering to the animals. Animals naturally prefer to be with their own type, and by forcing them to work together with another type of animal, one would transgress the issur of tzaar baalei chaim.

ספר החינוך פרשת כי תצא מצוה תקנ

כי מטעמי מצוה זו ענין צער בעלי חיים שהוא אסור מן התורה, וידוע שיש למיני הבהמות ולעופות דאגה גדולה לשכון עם שאינם מינן וכל שכן לעשות עמהן מלאכה, וכמו שאנו רואים בעינינו באותן שאינם תחת ידינו כי כל עוף למינו ישכון, וכל הבהמות ושאר המינין גם כן ידבקו לעולם במיניהן 

Wising you all the best.

Source

Devarim 22:10

Masechet Kilayim chapter 8 Mishnah 1

Ramban Devarim 22:10

Rambam Moreh Nevuchim volume 3 chapter 49

Sefer HaChinuch Mitvah 550

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